If the carbs snap back to full closed by themselves, you don't have to worry about slides staying open.
Check the gaskets on the carbs. Tops, seals behind adjusting screws, etc. Check the choke/starter circuit is properly sealed.
If a head gasket was bad enough to allow that much air into the motor I would expect to see a coolant leak, either externally, or into a cylinder. If a cylinder was pulling in coolant the engine wouldn't run away uncontrollably.
I wouldn't expect a power valve leak to cause a runaway.
Base gaskets and reed gaskets are know leakage points. You should be using case sealant on both sides of the base gaskets and reed gaskets.
Intake manifolds good with no cracks? Another know leakage point.
Based on your engine run away description it sounds like a major air leak, or several medium leaks. As I said, pressure test it to be 100% sure. Just because it worked earlier doesn't mean it's good now. Put 5 or 6 PSI into the motor and brush a soap solution on. You'll see bubbles where you have air leaks. If you find no air leaks, well, that would be very puzzling.